The Clinic team will research the relationship between the protection of human rights and criminalization of sexuality, including consensual adult sexual conduct; adult consensual sex work; sexual and reproductive health, including abortion; drug use; and HIV, in up to eight countries. The project will focus on national legislation and jurisprudence, and research how the law developed, including as a result of criminal law theory as well as other societal or political factors. The research will contribute towards the undertaking of the ICJ to develop a set of guiding principles to address the detrimental impact that criminalisation of these select issues has on human rights.