| Biography: | Founder of international Manifesto Research Project which has produced Mapping Policy Preferences I and II - APSA prizewinners for the over 300 publications they have supported across the world. Author or co-author of some thirty volumes and sixty monographs on democratic theory and practice (most recently Elections, Parties and Democracy and The New Challenge of Direct Democracy: Co-author of The New British Politics. Past Executive Director of the ECPR, Head of Department, Graduate Director, and Founder of Essex Summer Schools on quantitative social research. Current research: the mandate theory of party democracy checked against party and government policy programmes and public expenditures in 16 post-war democracies. His research has been honoured in a recent Festschrift (Bara and Weale eds. Democratic Politics and Party Competition (London, Routledge, 2006).
Active for over forty years as a political scientist, Ian Budge has made major contributions both to cumulative research on democracy and to organizational developments in the discipline. His earliest research on Glasgow and Belfast focused on causes of democratic breakdown. After a middle period studying elections, voting behaviour and party competition he turned to public policy and how it could be made responsive to popular preferences - the central democratic dilemma. His research covers both Direct and Representative Democracy.
Organisationally, Budge founded the Essex Summer Schools in Quantitative Social Science - now in their fortieth year - and played a major part in developing the European Consortium for Political Research as second Executive Director. He was Chairman of the Essex Department of Government, Graduate Director several times and has been visiting professor at many universities including the Wissenschaftzentum Berlin, Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study, European University Institute Florence, UC Irvine, Suny Binghamton and ANU Canberra.
Combining research and organisational concerns has been his Directorship of the Comparative Manifestos Project (MRG/CMP). This has collected the election programmes of all significant parties for all post-war elections in over 50 democracies world-wide, and content-analysed them to provide long policy time series for parties, electorates and governments. These have supported over 300 published pieces of research, including Budge's own. Their importance to comparative politics was recognised by an American Political Science Association Award in 2003, and by a festschrift dedicated to them (Democratic Politics and Party Competition ed. Bara & Weale, Routledge, London, 2006).
Recent Publications
Elections, Parties, Democracy: Conferring the Median Mandate (OUP, 2005) (with Michael D. McDonald)
This bold venture into policy theory and comparative politics combines traditional concerns about democracy with modern analytic methods. It asks how contemporary democracies work, an essential stage in asking how democracy in general can be justified. An answer to both questions is found in the idea of the median mandate. The voter in the middle-representative of the popular majority - empowers the centre party/in Parliament to translate her preferences into public policy. The median mandate provides a unified theory of democracy - pluralist, consensus, majoritarian, liberal and populist - by replacing each qualified 'vision' with an integrated account of how representative institutions work.
The New British Politics (Ian Budge, David McKay, Kenneth Newton and John Bartle)
The best-selling British Politics textbook, co-authored by a team of political scientists from the Department of Government. It provides an authoritative, original and up-to-date introduction to British Politics, placing them in the context of the global economy and Britain's relationships with Europe and the USA, whilst also examining the extent to which the British Constitution is equipped for the challenges of the 21st Century. The 4th edition updates the analysis to the third New Labour Government 2005-2010.
This book features as the key text in the core courses of the BA (Hons) Politics Degree in the Department of Government.
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| Publications: | Published Books
Ian Budge and D W Urwin, (1966), Scottish Political Behaviour, (London, Longman)
Ian Budge, (1970), Agreement and the Stability of Democracy, (Chicago, Markham), (Spanish Edition, Buenos Aires, 1971)
Ian Budge, et.al., (1972), Political Stratification and Democracy, (London, Macmillan)
Ian Budge and C O’Leary, (1973), Belfast: Approach to Crisis, (London, Macmillan)
Ian Budge, Ivor Crewe, D J Farlie et.al., (eds) (1976), Party Identification and Beyond, (London and New York, Wiley). Reprinted 2010
Ian Budge and D J Farlie, (1977), Voting and Party Competition, (London and New York, Wiley)
Ian Budge and D J Farlie, (1983), Explaining and Predicting Elections, (London, Allen and Unwin). Spanish edition, Centre for Constitutional Studies, Madrid, 1986 ‘Pronosticos Eletorales’
Ian Budge, David McKay et.al., (1983), The New British Political System, (London, Longman). Second edition The Changing British Political System, 1987: Third edition The Developing British Political System: the 1990s, 1993
Ian Budge, D Robertson, D J Hearl et.al., (1987), Ideology, Strategy and Party Movement, (Cambridge, CUP). Reprinted 2008
Ian Budge and Hans E Keman, (1990), Parties and Democracy: Coalition Formation and Government Functioning in 22 Democracies, (Oxford, OUP) Paperback 1993
M J Laver, Ian Budge et.al., (1992), Party Policy and Government Coalitions, (London, Sage)
J Woldendorp, Hans E Keman, Ian Budge, (1993), Handbook of Democratic Government, (Dordrecht, Kluwer). Also published as special issue of European Journal of Political Research, (1993)
Ian Budge and David McKay (eds), Developing Democracy, (London, Sage, 1994), (with two editorial chapters)
H D Klingemann, R I Hofferbert, Ian Budge et.al., Parties, Policies and Democracy (Boulder Co, Westview, 1994)
Ian Budge, The New Challenge of Direct Democracy, (Polity, 1996); Japanese Edition, 2001
Ian Budge, K Newton et.al., The Politics of the New Europe, (Longman, 1997); Polish, Spanish and Korean Editions
Ian Budge, Ivor Crewe, David McKay, Kenneth Newton, The New British Politics (Addison Wesley Longman, London, 1998) revised edition 2000. Second edition 2002. Third edition 2004. Fourth edition 2007.
Jaap Woldendorp, Hans Keman, Ian Budge, Party Governments in 48 Democracies, (1945-1998) (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 2000)
Ian Budge, H D Klingemann, Andrea Volkens, Judith Bara, Mapping Policy Preferences, Estimates for Parties, Governments and Electors 1945-1998, (Oxford U.P, Oxford 2001). Reprinted 2004: Winner, APSA Comparative Data-Set Prize, 2003.
Michael McDonald and Ian Budge, Elections, Parties, Democracy: Conferring the Median Mandate, (Oxford, OUP, 2005)
Klingemann, H-D, Andrea Volkens, Judith Bara, Ian Budge and Michael D. McDonald, Mapping Policy Preferences II: Estimates for Parties Governments & Electors in the OECD, EU and Central and Eastern Europe 1990-2003 (Oxford, OUP, 2006)
Ian Budge (with J.E. Keman, M. McDonald and Paul Pennings) Organizing Democratic Choice: Party Representation Over Time Oxford, OUP, 2012)
Ian Budge (under preparation, with Volkens et al) Mapping Policy Preferences 3: Measurement Solutions for Researchers (Oxford, OUP, 2012)
Articles and Monographs
Factionalism, Ideology and Party Policy Movement (with Ezrow & McDonald) British Journal of Political Science 40, 2010
‘Dimensions & Locating Parties – Methodological & Conceptual Problems’, Chap 4c of R. Katz and W. Crotty (eds) Handbook on Political Parties (Sage, London & Beverley Hills, 2005
‘Direct Democracy’ Chapter 30 of The Oxford Handbook of Political Institutions ed Rhodes, Binder & Rockman (Oxford, OUP, 2006)
(with Paul Pennings) Missing the Message & Shooting the Messenger: Benoit & Laver’s ‘Response’ in Electoral Studies special edition on policy indicators. 2007
(with McDonald) ‘Election and Party System Effects on Policy Representation: Bringing Time into a Comparative Perspective’, Electoral Studies, 2007
(with McDonald) ‘Choices Parties Offer: A Survey of 17 Countries; Party Politics, (2006)
(with Paul Pennings) ‘Do They Work?’ Validating Computerized Word Frequency Approaches Against Long Policy Series’ for a special issue of Electoral Studies on Policy Indicators, edited by Gary Marks (forthcoming 2006)
(M. Kim, M. McDonald), ‘Party Families and National Parties in Western Europe: A Comparative Assessment’ pp. 263-284 of Tsatos et al (eds) Political Parties in the 21st Century (Sarkoutis, Athnes; Berliner Wissenchaftverlag; Bruyant, Brussels; 2004)
‘Anthony Downs: ‘Master of Many Models’, Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica, 2003
(with Bara) Party Policy and Ideology: Still New Labour? Parliamentary Affairs’, Vol. 54 (October 2001) No. 4, pp. 590-606
‘Parties, Pressure Groups and People’, Chap 24 of Direct Democracy: The Central and East European Experience. A. Auer and M. Buetzer (Aldershot, Ashcroft, 2001)
(With McDonald and Pennings), ‘Choice Versus Sensitivity: Party reactions to Public Concerns’, European Journal of Political Research, Vol. 43 (2005) 845-868
)With McDonald and Mendes), ‘What are Elections for?’ Conferring the Median Mandate, BJPS 34, 126 (2004)
‘Political Parties in Direct Democracy’ pp. 67-87 of Mendelsohn Matthew & Andrew Parkin: Referendum Democracy: Citizens, Elites and Deliberation in Referendum Campaigns (London, Palgrave, 2001)
‘Discursive Democracy vs Direct Democracy – plus Political Parties!’ chapter 14 of
M. Saward (ed) Democratic Innovation (Routledge, London, 2001)
‘Validating the Manifesto Group Approach: Theoretical Assumptions and Empirical Confirmations’ chapter 4 of Michael Laver (ed) Estimating the Policy Positions of Political Actors (A Routledge, London, 2001)
(with M McDonald and R I Hofferbert) ‘Party Mandate Theory and Time-Series Analysis’ Electoral Studies Vol 18 (1999)
‘Validating Party Policy Positions’ British Journal of Political Science Vol 30 (2000)
‘Expert Judgements of Party Policy Positions: Uses and Limitations in Political Research’ European Journal of Political Research Vol 35 (2000)
‘Great Britain: A Stable but Fragile Party System’ Chapter 7 of Paul Pennings and Janerik Lane Comparing Party System Change (London, Routledge, 1998)
‘Party Policy and Ideology: Reversing the 1950s’ Chapter 1 of G Evans and Pippa Norris (eds.) Critical Elections (London, Routledge, 1999)
(with Jaap Woldendorp and Hans Keman) ‘Party Government in 20 Democracies: an Update (1990-1995)’ European Journal of Political Research Vol 33 (1998), 125-164
(with R I Hofferbert) ‘Comparative textual analysis of government and party activity’ chapter 6 of Comparing Government Activity Louis M Imbeau and Robert D McKinley (eds) (London, Macmillan, 1996)
(with R I Hofferbert) ‘Patterns of Post-war expenditure in ten democracies’ chapter 3 of Comparing Government Activity Louis M Imbeau & Robert D McKinley (eds) (London, Macmillan, 1996)
(with D J Hearl and Bernard Pearson) ‘Distinctiveness of regional voting: a comparative analysis across the European Community (1949-1993)’ Electoral Studies Vol 15 (1996)
‘Great Britain and Ireland: institutional variations within a common culture’ part II of
J Colomar (ed) Political Institutions in Europe Laterza (Rome), Ariel (Madrid), Routledge (London) 1995-96
‘Political parties: a new theoretical approach’ article in Political Parties ed W Crotty, Special issue of American Review of Politics (1995)
‘A New Spatial Theory of Party Competition: Uncertainty, Ideology and Policy Equilibria |