Criteria for the nomination of External Examiners (revised for 2012-13)


Departments and partner institutions are responsible for nominating suitable external examiners for appointment for all awards.  The relevant Dean is responsible for approval of the nominations, which are reported to Faculty Boards. 
 
The nominating department or partner institution must ensure that they have appropriate evidence that a proposed External Examiner meets all the criteria for selection. Where the criteria are not fully met, a written case for an exception must be submitted with the nomination form for consideration by the relevant Dean (see exceptions below).
 

Academic Qualifications and Examining Experience
 
External Examiners should have
 
a)     competence and experience in the academic fields covered by the programme
b)     relevant academic and/or professional qualifications to at least the level of the qualification being externally examined, and any appropriate practical experience. 
c)     academic and teaching experience at the level of the modules or award being examined, including designing and operating a variety of appropriate assessment procedures.  Examiners may be appointed for their professional or industry knowledge (see exceptions below) but each board must include at least one external examiner with experience and knowledge of UK Higher Education sector standards and benchmarks, and with recent teaching and examining experience.
d)     sufficient standing, credibility and breadth of experience within the discipline to be able to command the respect of colleagues
e)     familiarity with the standard to be expected of students to achieve the award that is to be examined
f)       fluency in English[1]
g)     met applicable criteria set by professional, statutory or regulatory bodies
h)     awareness of current developments in the design and delivery of relevant curricula
i)         competence and experience relating to the enhancement of the learning experience
 

Independence and Impartiality
 
To ensure impartiality, and that potential conflicts of interest are identified and resolved prior to appointment, departments or partner institutions should not nominate anyone to whom the following applies:
 
a)     previous external examiners for taught schemes  (unless exceptional circumstances apply and five years have elapsed since their last appointment).
b)     a member of a governing body or committee of the University or one of its collaborative partners, or a current employee of the University or one of its collaborative partners
c)     close friend or relative  of a member of staff or student on the programme of study
d)     anyone required to assess colleagues who are recruited as students to the programme of study
e)     anyone who is, or knows they will be, in a position to influence significantly the future of students on the programme of study
f)       anyone significantly involved in recent or current collaborative research activities with a member of staff closely involved in the delivery, management or assessment of the programme(s) or module(s).[2]
g)     former staff or students of the University or one of its collaborative partners (unless a period of five years has elapsed and all students taught by or with the external examiner have completed their programme)
h)     when a colleague from the same department in the same institution was the previous external examiner for the relevant programme
i)       a member of their home institution department is already an external at Essex

 
Volume of Work
 
a)     External examiners are normally appointed for four years.  Exceptionally, and to ensure continuity, extension to a fifth year may be approved.
b)     External examiners normally hold no more than two external examiner appointments for taught programmes/modules at any one time.. (External examining of individual candidates for research degrees is not counted for the purposes of this requirement.)
c)     An existing external examiner can hold a role in more than one department at the University (for example where there is overlap in discipline) however the external can only be appointed for  four years term from the start of their first appointment. If appointing an existing external, please check whether the term they can serve is sufficient for the award needs.  In exceptional cases, the term of appointment can be extended to five years.
 
Other
 
a)     External Examiners should normally reside in the UK.  Approval to appoint an Examiner from outside the UK will be granted only exceptionally. 
 
Exceptions
 
Where a nominee does not fulfil all the specified criteria (for instance in disciplines which are very small or specialist, or where examiners are drawn from business or a profession) the relevant Dean may consider a request for exceptional appointment.  A written case for appointment should be enclosed with the nomination form. 
 
 


[1] Where programmes are delivered and assessed in languages other than English, additionally fluency in the relevant language.
[2] The advice of the relevant Dean should be sought where the extent of involvement is in question.

Agreed by Senate July 2012