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Giving feedback


How to give constructive feedback

Content


01 Introduction
02 Identify the good elements as well as the bad
03 Be as specific as possible
04 Be tactful and friendly
05 Be selective and timely
06 Twelve helpful principles

01 Introduction

There is more to giving constructive criticism than just reporting on what you think are the weaker elements of whatever you are evaluating. This is plain, unqualified criticism. In order for it to be constructive, your criticism must go beyond that: the ultimate aim should be improvement, not assessment.

Nonetheless, feedback sessions are often hijacked and treated as opportunities for showcasing the ability to be critical. In the process, the feedback can become wholly negative. These situations are dangerous, for they generate distorted and unbalanced criticism, which overlooks the main purpose, which is to encourage progress.



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02 Identify the good elements as well as the bad

Implicit in the notion of improvement is the need for feedback to reinforce positive/good actions, as well as identify and report negative/bad ones. It is important, therefore, that the bad elements do not completely overshadow the good elements, although this should not obscure the honesty and truthfulness of the feedback, so that it is unclear and ambiguous.



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03 Be as specific as possible

Feedback should also be specific rather than general. For example, instead of giving vague directives to do things differently, such as "this needs more detail" or "this could do with being improved", good feedback should be as specific and evidenced as possible.



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04 Be tactful and friendly

Although honest and focused, criticism should also be expressed in a way that is not damaging to someone's self-esteem. It should be formulated positively, with progress always in mind, and delivered in a friendly and sincere manner.



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05 Be selective and timely

Timing and selectivity are also important. Feedback should be given at an appropriate time, and as soon after the critique as possible. The quantity should also be manageable for the receiver, whilst also being realistic about what is achievable for them.



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06 Twelve helpful principles
    • Make sure improvement is always the main goal
    • Make sure it is balanced rather than wholly negative
    • Make sure it is honest and truthful
    • Make sure it is expressed clearly, but tactfully and not hurtfully
    • Make sure it is given at a suitable time, in terms of promptness and appropriateness
    • Make sure it is given in a manageable quantity
    • Make sure it is realistic and achievable for the person
    • Make sure it is specific and not vague
    • Make sure it is focused on what can be changed
    • Make sure it is provided in terms of previously outlined criteria and expectations, if applicable
    • Make sure the focus is the work, not the person
    • If written, make sure it is legible


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